Microsoft

Random Stuff

Logged-in users

query user /server:$Computer
query user /server:$SERVER

interesting: https://adamtheautomator.com/how-to-get-the-current-user-logged-on-with-powershell-all-the-ways/

Uptime

Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_OperatingSystem | Select LastBootUpTime
Get-Uptime

Events

Get-WinEvent -LogName "Microsoft-Windows-WindowsUpdateClient/Operational" -MaxEvents 20 | Format-Table TimeCreated, Id, Message -AutoSize

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.diagnostics/get-winevent?view=powershell-5.1

Powershell

Win11

Useful shortcuts

Settings

⊞ + I

Settings

Power user menu

`⊞` + `X`	Power user menu
`⊞` + `X` then `i`	Open Powershell
`⊞` + `X` then `a`	Open Powershell (Admin)

Execute Command

`⊞` + `R`	Execute command
`⊞` + `R` then “control panel”	Control Panel
`⊞` + `R` then “control update”	Windows update
`⊞` + `R` then “sysdm.cpl”	System Properties (Rename, join domain etc…)
`⊞` + `R` then “lusrmgr.msc”	Local Users and Groups

Search Bar

`⊞` + `S`	Search bar
`⊞` + `S` then “name”	Opens system where the computer name is…

Screenshots

`⊞` + `Print Scr`	screenshot the entire screen and save it as a file (C:\Users\$USER\Pictures\Screenshots, screenshots all screens)
`Alt` + `Print Scr`	screenshot the active window and copy it to the clipboard
`⊞` + `Shift` + `S`	Snipping Tool

Task Manager

Ctrl+Shift+Esc

Task Manager

UTF codes

`Alt` + 0231	ç
`Alt` + 128 or `Alt` + 0199	Ç

Real restart (bypass fast reboot)

Hold shift while hitting shutdown.

Sudo for Windows

Enable

To enable Sudo for Windows, open Settings > System > For Developers and set Enable sudo to On.

Usage

Launch an executable with admin rights. But to launch a Powershell cmdlet:

sudo Powershell.exe Add-DnsClientNrptRule -Namespace ".maison.lan" -NameServers "192.168.2.1"

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/advanced-settings/sudo

WinGet (M$ Store Packaging System)

list

winget list

winget ls

winget list --upgrade-available

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> winget list --upgrade-available
Name          Id                 Version        Available      Source
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Live Connect  Kaseya.LiveConnect 9.5.9259.13690 9.5.9368.10610 winget
usbipd-win    dorssel.usbipd-win 5.1.0          5.2.0          winget
Google Chrome Google.Chrome.EXE  139.0.7258.157 140.0.7339.128 winget
3 upgrades available.

upgrade

-r, –recurse, –all	Upgrade all installed packages to the latest version if available.
-u, –unknown, –include-unknown	Upgrade packages even if their current version cannot be determined.
–disable-interactivity	Disable interactive prompts.
–authentication-account	Specify the account to be used for authentication.

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> winget upgrade Google.Chrome.EXE
Found Google Chrome (EXE) [Google.Chrome.EXE] Version 140.0.7339.128
This application is licensed to you by its owner.
Microsoft is not responsible for, nor does it grant any licenses to, third-party packages.
Downloading https://dl.google.com/release2/chrome/hdnjiv63b5mmcarflvagn4gs5y_140.0.7339.128/140.0.7339.128_chrome_installer_uncompressed.exe
  ██████████████████████████████   415 MB /  415 MB
Successfully verified installer hash
Starting package install...
Successfully installed

sudo winget upgrade --all --disable-interactivity

winget upgrade --all --disable-interactivity --authentication-account MYCOMP\localadmin

search

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> winget search vlc
Name             Id                    Version                 Match        Source
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VLC media player VideoLAN.VLC          3.0.21                  Moniker: vlc winget
pympress         Cimbali.pympress      1.8.6                   Tag: vlc     winget
Screenbox        Starpine.Screenbox    0.16.0                  Tag: vlc     winget
Streamlink       Streamlink.Streamlink 7.6.0-1                 Tag: vlc     winget
wcap             mmozeiko.wcap         2025.05.26              Tag: vlc     winget
SubRenamer       qwqcode.SubRenamer    2.4.0                   Tag: vlc     winget
tuna             univrsal.tuna         1.9.11                  Tag: vlc     winget
VLC media player VideoLAN.VLC.Nightly  4.0.0.0-nightly20250910              winget

install

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> winget install vlc
Found VLC media player [VideoLAN.VLC] Version 3.0.21
This application is licensed to you by its owner.
Microsoft is not responsible for, nor does it grant any licenses to, third-party packages.
Downloading https://download.videolan.org/videolan/vlc/3.0.21/win64/vlc-3.0.21-win64.exe
  ██████████████████████████████  42.8 MB / 42.8 MB
Successfully verified installer hash
Starting package install...
The installer will request to run as administrator. Expect a prompt.
Successfully installed

uninstall

winget uninstall "Web Companion"

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/package-manager/winget

Updates

USOclient

    RefreshSettings – used to quickly enact any settings changes
    RestartDevice – as the name implies, it restarts the device. Can be used in a script to allow updates to finish installing on next boot.
    ResumeUpdate – used to tell the tool to resume updating after a reboot.
    StartDownload – initiates a full download (from Microsoft) of existing updates
    StartInstall – kicks-off the installation of the downloaded updates
    ScanInstallWait – Combined Scan Download Install
    StartInteractiveScan – we’ve yet to get this one to work, but it suggests that the process may work in a GUI
    StartScan – kicks-off a regular scan

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/answers/questions/2826316/usoclient

Powertoys

`⊞` + `Alt` + `Space`	Windows Command Palette
`⊞` + `Ctrl` + `X`	Always On Top

Alternative shell

https://github.com/Open-Shell/Open-Shell-Menu

Annoyances

Bypass Microsoft Account creation during Windows 11 installation

At the Sign in to your microsoft account when OOBE won’t work anymore, shift+F10

start ms-cxh:localonly

Credits: https://www.reddit.com/r/sysadmin/comments/1jp5vln/an_alternative_to_bypass_microsoft_account/

Missing Snipping Tool

winget install "snipping tool"

Re-enable the old right click context menu

reg.exe add "HKCU\Software\Classes\CLSID\{86ca1aa0-34aa-4e8b-a509-50c905bae2a2}\InprocServer32" /f /ve

Then restart the Windows Explorer process.

Back to windows 11 default:

reg.exe delete "HKCU\Software\Classes\CLSID\{86ca1aa0-34aa-4e8b-a509-50c905bae2a2}" /f

As script:

:: Set "Old" Explorer Context Menu as Default
reg add "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\CLASSES\CLSID\{86ca1aa0-34aa-4e8b-a509-50c905bae2a2}\InprocServer32" /ve /f

:: Remove Explorer "Command Bar"
reg add "HKCU\Software\Classes\CLSID\{d93ed569-3b3e-4bff-8355-3c44f6a52bb5}\InprocServer32" /f /ve

:: Restart Windows Explorer. (Applies the above settings without needing a reboot)
taskkill /f /im explorer.exe
start explorer.exe

:: Empty Comment (Prevents you from having to press "enter" to execute the line to restart explorer.exe)

Offline files fill the system disk when multiple users are using the machine

open Sync Center
Manage offline files
Disable offline files
restart
Delete the contents of the folder C:\Windows\CSC
Re-enable offline files (?)

Excel (and Libreoffice)

Useful shortcuts

`Ctrl` + `V`	Paste
`Alt` + `Ctrl` + `V` then `V`	Paste without formatting

Move a column (or a row)

Select the column: Click the letter at the top of the column you want to move to select the entire column.
Position the cursor: Move the cursor to the edge of the selected column. The cursor will change into a four-headed arrow (or a hand on a Mac).
Hold Shift and drag: Press and hold the Shift key on your keyboard, then click and hold the left mouse button. Drag the column to the left until a bold vertical line appears in the desired new location.
Release: Release the mouse button first, then the Shift key to drop the column in its new spot.

How to work with durations in formulas

Format cells to: [HH]:MM

Excel/Libreoffice sees days and not hours, so one hour is 1/24 (day) and forty hours are 40/24.

So to substract cell A1 containing a duration from 40:00:

=(40/24) - A1

Open a CSV file in Excel

To open a CSV file in Excel, open a blank workbook, go to the Data tab, and select From Text/CSV (or From Text in older versions).

Outlook

Tasks

see the connection status

Hold Ctrl and right-click the Outlook icon in the system tray -> Connection Status

Entra Shit

Tasks

Join en existing device

Settings / Accounts / Access work or school / Add a work or school account (Connect)